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David M. Sander, Ph.D. (david.sander@virology.net )

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Biological Weapons and Warfare

Non-Governmental Organizations Related to BW

  • The Council for a Livable World has short descriptions of Biological Weapons Related Arms Control Agreements from the Geneva Protocol of 1925 to the The Bilateral Destruction Agreement - 1990 between the U.S. and Soviet Union.

  • The Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Project is online at the Henry L. Stimson Center -- which concentrates on particularly difficult national and international security issues where policy, technology, and politics intersect.

  • The Chemical and Biological Warfare website of the Project on Strengthening the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention and Preventing Biological Warfare at the Department of Peace Studies, University of Bradford, UK, aims to provide a better means of spreading information on the process of strengthening the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC) worldwide

  • The Sunshine Project -- an international non-profit organization with offices in Hamburg, Germany and Austin, Texas, USA. We work against the hostile use of biotechnology in the post-Cold War era. We research and publish to strengthen the global consensus against biological warfare and to ensure that international treaties effectively prevent development and use of biological weapons.

  • The Emergency Response and Research Institute (ERRI), of Chicago, IL, was founded to provide uncomplicated solutions to complex and demanding problems. Late in 1990, ERRI began to undertake a vastly different approach to providing news, information, research and communications services to the emergency response and government community. The EMERGENCY Bulletin Board System (BBS) went on-line on January 15, 1991 with a computer database retrieval service. ERRI has a special section on Emergency Response to Chemical/Biological Terrorist Incidents by Clark L. Staten, Executive Director, Emergency Response & Research Institute.

  • The Federation of American Scientists Chemical and Biological Arms Control Program covers all aspects of chemical and biological weapons and their control, but concentrates, at present, on efforts to prevent the development and use of biological weapons (BW) and the further proliferation of BW programs. A major focus is the strengthening of the Biological Weapons Convention with a compliance regime and cooperative measures for the prevention of infectious disease.

  • The Harvard Sussex Program on CBW Armament and Arms Limitation - An international collaborative program of research and communication to promote the global elimination of chemical and biological weapons and to strengthen the constraints against hostile uses of biomedical technologies and publisher of The CBW Conventions Bulletin (formerly the Chemical Weapons Convention Bulletin).

  • Chemical and Biological Warfare Project - (CBW Project) is one of Stockholm International Peace Research Institute's (SIPRI) longest-running research projects. It focuses on developments in chemical and biological weapons, their actual or alleged use and acquisition, and efforts to obtain effective disarmament measures aiming at their total elimination.

  • The Chemical and Biological Arms Control Institute is a nonprofit corporation established to promote the goals of arms control and nonproliferation, with a special, although not exclusive focus on the elimination of chemical and biological weapons. It fosters this goal by drawing on an extensive international network to provide an innovative program of research, analysis, technical support, and education.

  • Cal Poly Chemical and Biological Warfare Page - This page was developed by the students in Chem 450 at Cal Poly, SLO, during Spring, 1996. The goal is to provide an overview of chemical and biological warfare, weapons, and efforts to outlaw them.

U.S. Government BW Sites


    Other U.S. Government

  • The mission of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency is to strengthen the national security of the United States by formulating, advocating, negotiating, implementing and verifiying effective arms control, nonproliferation, and disarmament policies, strategies, and agreements. In so doing, ACDA ensures that arms control is fully integrated into the development and conduct of United States national security policy. The site includes a page containing and index Biological Weapons Information.

  • The Report of the Presidential Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses inlcudes a chapter on Chemical and Biological Weapons in Iraq.

  • Emerging Infectious Diseases - The journal -- Emerging Infectious Diseases -- is part of CDC's plan for combatting emerging infectious diseases; one of the main goals of CDC's plan is to enhance communication of public health information about emerging diseases so that prevention measures can be implemented without delay. Emerging Infectious Diseases is peer reviewed and provides information on emerging infections in the following categories: Perspectives, Synopses, Dispatches, Research Studies, and Policy Reviews. Articles of Interest :

Russian BW Sites

Isreali BW Sites

Miscellaneous BW Sites

  • The Biological Weapons Convention requires Parties not to develop, produce, stockpile, or acquire biological agents or toxins "of types and in quantities that have no justification for prophylactic, protective, and other peaceful purposes," as well as weapons and means of delivery. The United States unilaterally renounced biological and toxin weapons in 1969. A list of signatories to the Convention is available.

  • The Chemical Weapons Convention is a global treaty that bans an entire class of weapons of mass destruction, chemical weapons. The CWC bans the production, acquisition, stockpiling, transfer and use of chemical weapons. It entered into force April 29, 1997.

  • Microbiology 101 Internet Text - Chatper XV, Addendum: Biological Weapons - Malignant Biology by Dr. Ron Hulbert at the University of Washington.

  • Chem-Bio.com - Focal point for resources on Chem-Bio terrorism.

  • A Germ Warfare Timeline for U.S. prisoners of war in Manchuria who may have been victims of WWII era germ-warfare experimentation. This page is provided by Global Alliance for Preserving the History of World War II in Asia, on the China News Digest web site.

  • SpecialOperations.Com - Information on the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and more links for both chemical and biological warfare are available at this site.

  • The Other Holocaust: Nanjing Massacre, Unit 731 & Unit 100. This site is devoted to exposing Japanese atrocities in WWII, including biological warfare experiments involving U.S. prisoners of war.

  • Jeffrey Amherst and Smallpox Blankets - Lord Jeffrey Amherst's letters discussing germ warfare against American Indians. This site does a very nice job of outlining the issue of biological warfare used against the American Indians.

  • Applied Science and Analysis, ASA Inc., an international organization, was established in 1983 to specialize in nuclear, biological and chemical (NBC) defense and protection issues world wide. From 1983 to the present, ASA's concentration of capabilities has continuously expanded. ASA also publishes the ASA Newsletter, the international journal in the NBC Defense field read in more than 121 countries.

  • Heritage Foundation Policy Paper on Bioterrorism - Microbes and Mass Casualties: Defending America Against Bioterrorism - by James H. Anderson, Ph.D., a Defense and National Security Analyst at The Heritage Foundation.

    "Bioterrorism is a looming threat, increasingly so within the borders of the United States. It no longer is a question of if a bioterrorist attack will happen, but of when. Biological weapons are inexpensive to manufacture, and manufacturing facilities are nearly impossible to detect. The United States needs to focus greater attention and resources toward protecting the American people from suffering mass casualties at the hands of terrorists."

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